House of the Spirits Essay Example for Free

House of the Spirits Essay In Isabel Allende’s novel The House of the Spirits, there are two definitive classes of people that are present throughout the novel. The poor class, including the peasants of Tres Marias and the socialist party members, has continual resentment towards the other class, which is the wealthy aristocratic class. The wealthy division of the novel shows little humanity towards the poor, treats the poor as servants, and control all politics involved in the country. The wealthy’s treatment of the lower class shattered the peace experienced by Chile because the poor and the wealthy maintained a struggle to co-exist with such division between their classes. The struggles between the two classes was first established early on in the novel at Tres Marias where Estreban Trueba makes it clear that he is the leader of the land and the rest of the tenants were much less important than him. Trueba was a part of the wealthy class and he takes the peasants that are housed on his land and he takes complete advantage of the people there. Word of his cruelty spread throughout the region, provoking jealous admiration among the men of his class. The peasants hid their daughters and clenched their fists helplessly because they could not confront him. Esteban Trueba was stronger, and he had impunity† (Allende 63). There was nothing that the peasants could do to a man of a higher class and Trueba takes full advantage of this. He acts as though he is untouchable throughout the novel and that the wealthy class can do whatever they please. Esteban Trueba speaks of how he believes that since he is in a higher and wealthier class, he is free to do anything that he wishes, including raping the women of Tres Marias. Esteban sees the people that live on his land as lesser human beings and Esteban believes that poor people are completely ignorant and uneducated. Theyre like children, they cant handle responsibility. How could they know whats best for them? Without [Trueba] theyd be lost (64). This attitude that the wealthy class has for those in the book ignites the resentment felt by the poor class that resounds in the rest of the story. The inequality that is present between these two classes is unbelievable throughout the book that even parts of the wealthy class begin to realize the damage that their right wing government has caused to the lower division of Chile. Even Esteban Trueba’s immediate family senses the problems that the poor face. â€Å"[Clara] now took Blanca with her on her visits to the poor, weighed down with gifts and comfort. ‘This is to assuage our conscience, darling,’ she would explain to Blanca. ‘But it doesnt help the poor. They dont need charity, they need justice’† (136). Because of this unequal treatment of the classes and the resentment that the poor held for the wealthy, the two classes could not continue to co-exist. The incessant struggle that the lower class faced when the wealthy controlled everything forced them to begin a revolution so that they can finally take control of their own lives instead of living to please the wealthy. Throughout the novel, the wealthy controlled every part of the country’s government and therefore, they controlled the country as a whole until the day that Esteban Trueba lost the election and the socialist party came to power. This is when the poor finally ceased to be dominated by the wealthy. â€Å"They lit torches, and the jumble of voices and dancing in the streets became a disciplined, jubilant procession that advanced toward the well-tended avenues of the bourgeoisie, creating the unaccustomed spectacle of ordinary citizens – factory workers in their heavy work shoes, women with babies in their arms, students in shirt-sleeves – calmly marching through the private, expensive neighborhood where they had rarely ventured before, and in which they were complete foreigners† (340). After the socialist victory there was room for a class that was previously completely blocked from the wealthy areas of living as well as in the government. The poor and the wealthy became much more even in terms of rights which, in turn, made the two classes much less divided. With such deplorable treatment of the lower class, the two classes could never co-exist peacefully unless there was a dramatic change in Chile. With a socialist victory over the conservatives, there was room for the differences between the poor and the wealthy to be diminished and for the country to be diplomatic.

Comparing the Voice of Frost in Mending Wall, After Apple-Picking, and

The Voice of Frost in Mending Wall, After Apple-Picking, and The Wood-Pile    The "persona" narratives from the book - "Mending Wall," "After Apple-Picking," and "The Wood-Pile" - also strive for inclusiveness although they are spoken throughout by a voice we are tempted to call "Frost." This voice has no particular back-country identity, nor is it obsessed or limited in its point of view; it seems rather to be exploring nature, other people, ideas, ways of saying things, for the sheer entertainment they can provide. Unlike poems such as "Home Burial" and "A Servant to Servants," which are inclined toward the tragic or the pathetic, nothing "terrible" happens in the personal narratives, nor does some ominous secret lie behind them. In "The Wood-Pile," for example, almost nothing happens at all; its story, its achieved idea or wisdom, the whole air with which it carries itself, is quite unmemorable. A man out walking in a frozen swamp decides to turn back, then decides instead to go farther and see what will happen. He notes a bird in front of him and spends so me time musing on what the bird must be thinking, then sees it settle behind a pile of wood. The pile is described so as to bring out the fact that it has been around for some time. With a reflection about whoever it was who left it there, "far from a useful fireplace," the poem concludes. And the reader looks up from the text, wonders if he has missed something, perhaps goes back and reads it again to see if he can catch some meaning which has eluded him. But "The Wood-Pile" remains stubbornly unyielding to any attempt at ransacking it for a meaning not evidently on the surface. This surface is a busy one, as when the speaker meets the bird: A small bird flew be... ...essing it, when he has no audience to be bullied or flattered, when he is free, and speech takes one form and no other." Despite the presence of back-country characters and scenes in this "book of people," it is as a book of sentence sounds that it most truly exists, as a triumphant vindication of the poetic theory Frost had designed, and as a monument to how much could be accomplished by trusting to the rendering of speech. At the end of "Home Burial," the wife lashes out at her husband in exasperation: "You - oh, you think the talk is all . . ." But for the composer of these poems, the talk is all, whether that of his imagined characters or of himself speaking aloud. Works Cited Frost, Robert. "Mending Wall." The Norton Anthology of American Literature. Ed. Julia Reidhead. 5th ed. 2 vols. New York: Norton, 1998. Frost: A Literary Life Reconsidered.

Inactivity and Obesity Essay

Review the article â€Å"Physical activity and sedentary activity patterns among children and adolescents: A latent class analysis approach† for this assignment. As individuals and families spend more time in front of televisions, playing video games, surfing the internet, etc., incidence and prevalence rates of overweight and obese people in throughout the world increase. Based on the article, describe family, community, and school level strategies you would use in planning an obesity prevention program. The following items in particular will be assessed: 1. Identify two specific strategies (family, community, or school level) you would use to plan an obesity prevention program. Include evidence-based information as to why you believe these strategies will be the best ones to use. 2. In your opinion, when should obesity prevention start? What should be the ideal age to start obesity prevention, knowing that lifestyle has a great impact on whether individuals will become obese? 3. Provide empirical evidence to support your position as to when obesity prevention should start. Make sure to cite your sources. Introduction Studies of the health behavior of healthy individuals and families are closely correlated since without the support of a family, an individual would not prosper in healthy behaviors. This example hit close to home since there was someone at home always trying to gear my brother, sister, and myself in the right way. This might not be the case for other families and they might have different types of issues that are involved in the studies of health behavior of individuals and families. Human behavior plays a central role in the maintenance of health and the prevention of disease. Issues Involved Some of the issues involved in the studies of the health behavior of healthy individuals and families are the different strategies for establishing healthy eating habits in children and adolescents might be quite ineffective for changing maladaptive eating behaviors. This seems to be a major issue with families of all types of financial background. The majority of individuals that lack the monetary resource to buy healthier food choices seem to be at riskiest end. Also, maintaining a particular behavior over time might require different strategies than will establishing behavior. Studies Accomplished/Reasons they are Important Studies can be accomplished through different age groups and addressing certain behaviors cues associated with healthy families and individuals. For example, one might ask a teenage group if they have ever tried smoking or drinking. From this study, they can find out information concerning the individual behavior and why it is not conducive to healthy family behaviors. Two examples of studies accomplished from the reading are classical conditioning and operant-conditioning which each has its own way of learning behaviors. For example, classical conditioning modifies behavior by repeatedly pairing a neutral stimulus with an unconditioned stimulus that elicits the desired response. This type of learning behavior is important it allows the studies to see what mechanisms triggers different people to behave a certain way. One of the most famous classical conditioning was taught in a previous class that mentioned the salivation of dog in response to a bell being rung. The reason behind this was that every time individual brought in food for the dog, they would ring a bell. Later, they found out that just the ringing alone would set of excitement in the dog. This is important because we find out what triggers an individual’s happiness and with little help, their behavior can be geared towards a healthier one. In individuals, if someone is praised on how well they look and that they are maintaining their bodies well, the compliments alone can trigger an individual to want more praises, thus maintaining a great physique. The second type of study conducted was the operant-conditioning which builds on classical conditioning and focuses on the hypothesis that the frequency of a behavior is determined by its consequences. One example would be that of rewards for positive behavior as well as decreasing behavior from punishment. If an individual, gets praises for cleaning their room and is told that if they discontinue cleaning their room, they will make their parents disappointed, that individual might not want the negative responses thus making them decrease their negative behaviors. Contribution to Existing Knowledge These studies contribute to the existing knowledge by showing us that health behaviors can be changed by the way we treat each other. Also, with the studies, we are able to see how an individual’s health behavior can be controlled by praises and can also eliminate negative behavior by adding negative consequences.

Report into the financial performance of sage group - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 7 Words: 2132 Downloads: 10 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Analytical essay Did you like this example? The sage report discusses the financial performance of the Sage Group as a whole for the financial year 2007. The group has a significant presence in 20 countries worldwide, providing services to 5.8m customers to help managing their businesses more efficiently and effectively through the provision of their products and quality services. Sage is one of the efficient leading and prominent worldwide supplier of business management software to SMEs. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Report into the financial performance of sage group" essay for you Create order It is the leading supplier in chosen market segments concentrating primarily on customers whose business has less than 500 employees. Main highlights are: Group Revenue rose to  £1157.60m showing a growth of 23.73% over the last year with organic growth of 7%. Operating profit rose to  £255.30m showing an increase of 8.27%. Dividend per share rose by 95% to 7p per share from the last year figure of 3.59p. New customers gained during the year were 40,000 12,000 new contracts received. Net cash generated was  £220.2m from their operating activities compared with the last year of  £192.8m. Earnings per share increased to 11.85pfor financial year 2007. Introduction Sage group is one of the most leading suppliers of business management software to 5.8 million customers worldwide. It found in 1981; the core business of software group sage is the development and distribution of accounting, salary check management software for different type of businesses. From small setup to large the organisations, the company is giving opportunity to makes it easier to handle their business processes. Research and analysis Objectives The purpose of this report is the detailed analysis of the current financial position and the future prediction of the sage group from the investment point of view. An investor is more interested in the profitability, liquidity and return on investment, its rapid growth and growth in market share, its current financial position and future prospects of the company and management competency and strategies. As the purpose of the report is to make an analysis from investors point of view, so I focused on the following aspects as primary objectives of my report. Analyses of the current position the Sage Group. Review of the changes and reasons for them. Future of the company. Whether the company is worthwhile from investors point of view In order to achieve these objectives I will carry out the detailed ratio analysis of the financial position and growth of the company such as. Liquidity ratios. Profitability and return ratios. Investment ratios. Long te rm solvency, gearing and leverage ratios. Methods of Analysis The basic and common methods of analysis of a company about its financial position are as follows; Investor analysis; Trend (vertical analysis); Horizontal Analysis; Ratios Analysis. Horizontal Analysis This method is a comparison of an entitys performance over a particular period of time to that of a similar entity. Comparisons are only effective, if the companies operate at same level and in same market. Even if the companies are similar, Competitor Company might have not performed to its full capacity. Trend Analysis or Vertical Analysis This is where the companys performance is compared in a period of time. This can identify the trends e.g. revenue or profitability growth as well as decline or seasonality. Ratio Analysis The ratio analysis is classified into four categories; Liquidity Ratios Liquidity means a liquid asset is one which can be easily converted into cash at a market value. It helps in financing and investing decisions of the company. It actually measures the short term solvency of a company, it includes following; Current ratio is current assets/current liabilities. Ideally it is thought that it should be between 1.0 1.5, but it can vary depending upon the sector. Quick ratio expresses the proportion of current asset minus(less) stock to current liabilities. This is expected to be Parity so that liabilities (short-term) can be met. Debtors days is the number of days taken by trade debtors to make a payment Creditors day is the numbers of days given by creditors to give them payment. Profitability and Return: Gross and net profit margins show the relationship between the profit turnover (sales). Comparing the gross profit margins will show the efficiency, whereas net profit margin indicates its overheads and administration have been well-managed. Returns can be indicated by Return on Capital Employed (ROCE) or Return on Shareholders Funds (ROSF), this is more commonly demonstrated as earning per share (EPS) or dividend yield. ROCE is a ratio with two elements, profit margin multiplied by asset turnover. This ratio gives a more comprehensive view of trading performance. Long-term Solvency, Gearing and Leverage: Gearing shows the long-term debt in relation to shareholders funds. Highly geared companies are much more risky in their financial position, because interest payments have to be met, regardless of profitability and because of this reason further financing might be difficult and expensive to obtain. However interest payments are the payments in which tax deduction making debt cheaper than equity. Equally, a company with low gearing may have an inefficient capital structure because equity is more expensive. Debt ratio comprises of total debts to total assets, which is mostly important for the companies with high proportions of liabilities in their balance sheet. Interest cover indicates if the company is in position to manage its interest demands and positions how many times a company can repay the interest of its current earnings. Investment Ratios: Price earning (PE) is highly used investor ratio. It is the ratio of current share price to the EPS. High price ratio indicates strong confidence in the company. Dividend yield is the yield a company pays out to its shareholders in form of dividends. This ratio is more useful for investors who are looking for a steady dividend income rather than just capital growth. TREND RATIO ANALYSIS OF SAGE GROUP Sage Groups performance over the last three years is steady as its published accounts show an increase in its revenue, operating profit, its cash and Asset growth. PROFITABILITY RETURN Revenue The revenue has grown from FY2005 ( £759.60m) to FY2006 ( £935.60m) by 23.17% and a further increase of 23.73% in FY2006 ( £935.60m) to FY2007 ( £1157.60m). North America Region was the one highest contributing towards Revenue of  £508.10m this year compared to last year of  £361.5m showing an increase of over 40%, with Mainland Europe on 2nd place showing an increase of around  £50m i.e. 16.44% over the year 2006. Profits Gross profit of the company is nearly the same compared to last year. In FY2006, it was 91.41% and this year it is nearly the same figure as the last year. i.e. 91.04%. it has increased by 23.23% from FY2007 ( £855.20m) to FY2008 ( £1053.90m). The pre-tax profit has grown from FY2005 ( £193.60m) to FY2006 ( £221.20m) by14.26% and a further increase of just around by 1%from FY2006 to FY2007. The highest operating profit came from the Region of Mainland Europe showing a percentage increase of 20.89% over FY2006 giving a net increased figure of  £12.3m. Return on Capital Employed (ROCE) ROCE has increased from 15.09% in FY2006 to 17.35% in FY2007 which shows a steady increase from investors point of view. Gearing Gearing of the group for YR2006 was 35.45%, which dropped to 30.70% in FY2007. The low gearing ratio shows that the company is enrich in its funds to meet its long-term liabilities. The company is in less financial risk. Furthermore decrease in the gearing and an increase in the profit shows that company is in strong financial position. Return on Shareholders Funds (ROSF) ROSF for FY2006 was 15.61% which dropped just by 0.90% to 14.67% for FY2007. It is due to the increase in shareholders funds even though the profitability has improved over the last year but it is not in line with the increase in funds. LIQUIDITY RATIOS Current Ratio Current ratio of the company for the current year was 0.524. For the FY2007, it was 0.543. It is because of slight decrease in cash cash equivalents from  £81.4m to  £64.3m payables were increased by  £9.9m over the previous year. As compared to the threshold of 1:1, it is well behind the standard which means the company might be unable to pay its debt on time. In, practice the comfortably in excess of 1 should be expected but it can be varied depending on the types of businesses. Quick Ratio / Acid Test Ratio The quick ratio of the group for the current year is 0.514 compared to last year of 0.553 for the same reason as mentioned in current ratio. Debtors Days Receivable conversion period for the current period is 61 days (60.81 days), compared to the last year of 72 days (72.21 days). It shows the improvement of cash collections over the last year to increase the liquidity. Creditors Days Payable conversion period for the current period is 352 days compared to the last year of 432 days. Once again the longer the period of creditors days, the longer will be the liquidity resources availability. INVESTMENT RATIOS Earnings Per Share (EPS) EPS have slightly increased by 0.04p from 11.81p to 11.85p which shows the increased profits over the previous period. It can also be seen through increased payment of dividends to shareholders worth  £49.0m compared to last year of  £39.1m. Price Earnings Price Earnings ratio for the current year is 18.7 compared to last year which was 21.3. The higher the P/E ratio suggests the investors expect high earning growth in future. P/E Ratio cant itself give the whole picture until compared with the other company in the market or industry average. Dividend Per Share (DPS) Dividend per share for the current year was 7.0p compared to last year of 3.59p, showing an increase of 95% over last year. Increase in dividend per share means that the companys management believes that growth can be sustained for foreseeable future. Dividend Yield Dividend Cover Dividend yield for the current period is 2.8% for the current year compared to last year of 1.4% which is doubled. The higher is the yield, the more desirable among investors. Dividend cover of the company for the current period is 1.693X for the current period compared to the last year of 3.2X. A ratio of 2X is considered to be safe in industry as the company can well afford the dividend. LONG TERM SOLVENCY, GEARING LEVERAGE Gearing Gearing of the group for YR2006 was 35.45%, which dropped to 30.70% in FY2007. The low gearing ratio shows that the company has sufficient funds to meet its long-term liabilities. The company is in less financial risk. Furthermore decrease in the gearing and an increase in the profit shows that company is in strong financial position. Debt Ratio (Leverage) Debt ratio for the current year is 0.5241 compared to the last year of 0.5578. A ratio less than 1 indicates that the group has more assets than its debts representing the low level of risk attached to the group. Interest Cover Interest Cover for the current period is 7.98X compared to the last year of 13.77X which is still quite high to cover its interest costs. CONCLUSION The group has shown growth in all the sectors of economy. It has been producing consistent results over the years. The revenue has increased significantly over the last few years. The company has healthy operating profits for the current period. Compared to the last periods, its progress is not as good as it was in the past few periods. Overall the group has performed well against the benchmarks set by the company and was in line with the groups forecasts set. Another key thing observed the customer satisfaction renewal level for the group was above 80% for the year 2007. It has low gearing which represents the low financial risk and groups ability to meet its obligations in case of emergency. Its ROCE has increased which again is good from investors perspective. The group is paying dividends consistently over the past few years which again attract the shareholders investors. Debt ratio of the company is 0.52 which indicates that the assets of the company are nearly doubled to its liabilities which once again are an indication of low financial risk. APPENDIX Sage Group Plc. 2007 2006 ( £m) ( £m) Revenue 1157.60 935.60 Gross Profit 1053.90 855.20 Operating Profit/loss 255.30 235.80 EBITA 283.20 249.30 Interest Expense 35.50 18.10 Profit before tax 223.30 221.20 Profit after tax 154.10 152.60 Shareholders Funds 1050.80 977.60 Creditors: Due in 1 year 982.40 777.70 Creditors: Due more than 1 year 561.30 660.90 Total Debt 1157.00 1233.30 Fixed Assets 1544.40 1475.70 Current Assets 301.40 303.30 Total Assets 2207.80 2210.90 Current Liabilities 575.50 558.40 Trade Receivables Net 200.70 185.10 Trade Payables 105.0 95.10 RATIO ANALYSIS PROFITABILITY RETURN Operating profit 255.30 235.80 Operating Margin 22.05% 25.20% Net Margin 13.31% 16.31% Interest Cover 7.98X 13.77X ROCE 17.35% 15.09% Debt Ratio 0.5241 0.5578 ROSF 14.67% 15.61% Gearing 30.79% 35.45% MARKET RATIOS EPS 11.85p 11.81p Dividend Per Share 7.00p 3.59p Dividend Cover 1.693 3.29 Dividend Yield 2.8 1.4 PE Ratio 18.7p 21.3p LIQUIDITY Current Ratio 0.524 0.543 Acid test Ratio 0.514 0.553 Efficiency Ratios Average Collection Period 60.81 days 72.21 days Payable Conversion Period 352.15 days 431.74 days Inventory Conversion Period 19.36 days 25.42 days Segmental Revenue Segment 2007 2006 %age Increase UK 224.1m 205.2m 9.21% Mainland Europe 349.1m 299.8m 16.44% North America 508.1m 361.5m 40.55% Rest of the world 76.3m 69.1m 10.42% Segmental Operating Profit 2007 2006 %age Increase UK 80.8m 76.5m 5.62 Mainland Europe 71.2m 58.9m 20.89 North America 83.4m 82.4m 1.21 Rest of the world 19.8m 18.2m 8.79